• Portraits of Madame Celeste, Carlotta Leclercq and Rose Leclercq side by side

An oil rig can be seen over the horizon of the sea against a bright orange sky

How should Big Oil spend big money?

by Ernesto Bonafé Big Oil faces an existential question: How to spend its very large and, for some, ‘windfall’ or ‘excessive’ profits at a time when the consumption of oil, gas and coal is expected to reach its peak in the near…

The second life of the Energy Charter Treaty

by Dr Ernesto Bonafé Born in the aftermath of the Cold War, the Energy Charter Treaty will have a second life, in a warmer planet, with reminiscent tensions heating up. The goal in the early nineties was to extend market-based…